Table 1 Characteristics of study population by the number of genetic variants at baseline
Characteristics | Â | Missing | No. of minor frequency allele onBsm1 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | All | Bsm1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
Number of subjects | 727 | 47 (6%) | 238 (33%) | 316 (43%) | 126 (17%) |
Follow-up (years, mean ± SD) | 10.6 ± 5.5 | 9.6 ± 6.2 | 9.9 ± 5.8 | 11.1 ± 5.2 | 11.3 ± 5.1 |
No. of follow-up exams (median (Q1-Q3)) | 4 (3–6) | 4 (2–6) | 4 (2–6) | 4.5 (3–6) | 4.5 (3–6) |
Continuous variables (mean ± SD) |  |  |  |  |  |
Age at baseline (years) | 66.4 ± 7.2 | 66.8 ± 8.9 | 66.7 ± 7.1 | 66.1 ± 7.1 | 66.6 ± 6.9 |
Height (m) | 1.7 ± 0.1 | 1.7 ± 0.1 | 1.7 ± 0.1 | 1.7 ± 0.1 | 1.7 ± 0.1 |
Waist circumference (cm) | 984.3 ± 94.1 | 97.6 ± 9.2 | 98.9 ± 9.4 | 985.1 ± 92.8 | 976.4 ± 98.3 |
Body Mass Index (kg/m2) | 27.9 ± 3.7 | 27.4 ± 3.5 | 28.2 ± 3.9 | 27.9 ± 3.5 | 27.6 ± 3.7 |
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (mg/dL) | 47.8 ± 12.4 | 47.4 ± 13.2 | 48.7 ± 12.3 | 47.5 ± 12.7 | 47.3 ± 11.5 |
Total cholesterol-to-HDL ratio | 5.1 ± 1.5 | 5.3 ± 1.9 | 4.9 ± 1.3 | 5.1 ± 1.6 | 5.0 ± 1.3 |
Smoking (pack-years) | 21.0 ± 25.1 | 21.5 ± 24.9 | 24.5 ± 28.2 | 19.6 ± 23.5 | 17.7 ± 22.2 |
Calcium intake (mg/day) | 806 ± 404 | 916 ± 425 | 780 ± 388 | 817 ± 401 | 789 ± 427 |
Sodium intake (mg/day) | 3855 ± 1841 | 4022 ± 1673 | 3770 ± 1700 | 3970 ± 2093 | 3658 ± 1407 |
Potassium intake (mg/day) | 3363 ± 1386 | 3895 ± 1413 | 3212 ± 1232 | 3467 ± 1568 | 3191 ± 1067 |
Total calories intake (kcal/day) | 1992 ± 637 | 2208 ± 770 | 1936 ± 651 | 2015 ± 615 | 1955 ± 599 |
Physical activity (kcal/week) | 2002 ± 1788 | 1963 ± 1743 | 1879 ± 1755 | 2131 ± 1833 | 1921 ± 1752 |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 136.0 ± 17.3 | 135.5 ± 18.2 | 137.6 ± 17.9 | 135.2 ± 17.8 | 135.3 ± 14.4 |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 81.7 ± 9.6 | 80.7 ± 10.6 | 83.2 ± 9.6 | 81.3 ± 9.3 | 80.3 ± 9.4 |
Pulse pressure (mmHg) | 54.3 ± 14.7 | 54.8 ± 15.9 | 54.5 ± 14.5 | 53.8 ± 15.3 | 55.0 ± 12.8 |
Tibia lead level (μg/g) | 21.2 ± 13.2 | 20.4 ± 14.5 | 22.2 ± 13.3 | 20.6 ± 13.2 | 21.2 ± 12.8 |
Patella lead level (μg/g) | 30.5 ± 19.3 | 27.3 ± 15.9 | 31.9 ± 21.4 | 29.3 ± 17.8 | 32.0 ± 19.9 |
Blood lead level (μg/dL) | 5.9 ± 3.9 | 6.0 ± 4.4 | 6.5 ± 4.1 | 5.7 ± 3.7 | 5.6 ± 3.7 |
Categorical variables (n(%)) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Race (white or not) | 703 (97%) | 45 (96%) | 227 (95%) | 310 (96%) | 121 (96%) |
Alcohol (two or more drinks/day) | 148 (20%) | 7 (15%) | 42 (18%) | 76 (24%) | 23 (18%) |
Diabetes (diagnosed or taking medication) | 94 (13%) | 7 (15%) | 28 (12%) | 39 (12%) | 20 (16%) |
Antihypertensive medication | 128 (18%) | 8 (17%) | 44 (18%) | 54 (17%) | 22 (17%) |
Family history of hypertension | 438 (60%) | 21 (45%) | 141 (59%) | 201 (64%) | 75 (60%) |
Education: Less than high school | 70 (10%) | 1 (2%) | 31 (13%) | 19 (6%) | 19 (15%) |
  Complete high school | 248 (34%) | 14 (30%) | 87 (37%) | 106 (34%) | 41 (33%) |
  Some college | 179 (25%) | 15 (32%) | 53 (22%) | 81 (26%) | 30 (24%) |
  College or more | 204 (28%) | 16 (34%) | 62 (26%) | 97 (31%) | 29 (23%) |