Table 1 Postneonatal infant mortality rates attributable to PM10 air pollution in selected U.S. metropolitan counties, 1995–97
Health outcome | Effect estimate Relative Risk per 10 μg/m3 PM10 (± 95% Confidence Interval (CI))* | Observed number of deaths per 100,000 infants {and expected reference at 12.0 μg/m3 PM10 annual mean**} | Estimated increment in number of deaths per 10 μg/m3 PM10 and 100,000 infants (lower and upper limits based on ± 95% CI estimates) | Attributable infant mortality between the reference** and the observed mean level (lower and upper limits based on ± 95% CI estimates) | Attributable infant mortality between the reference level** and a mean level of 25.0 μg/m3 PM10*** (lower and upper limits based on ± 95% CI estimates) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Attributable deaths per 100,000 infants | Attributable proportion (%) | Attributable deaths per 100,000 infants | Attributable proportion (%) | ||||
All cause mortality | 1.04 (1.02–1.07) | 236.8 {222.1} | 8.9 (4.4–15.5) | 14.7 (7.3–25.6) | 6 (3–11) | 10.9 (5.5–19.1) | 5 (2–8) |
Sudden infant death syndrome****, normal birth weight | 1.12 (1.07–1.17) | 73.0 {61.2} | 7.3 (4.3–10.4) | 11.7 (6.8–16.6) | 16 (9–23) | 9.0 (5.3–12.8) | 12 (7–18) |
Respiratory disease mortality*****, normal birth weight | 1.20 (1.06–1.36) | 9.3 {6.9} | 1.4 (0.4–2.5) | 2.3 (0.7–4.1) | 24 (7–44) | 1.8 (0.5–3.2) | 19 (6–34) |