Table 1 Descriptive studies of sun exposure and sun-protective habits among outdoor workers
Author, Date | Population | Data Collection Method | Sample Size | Response Rate |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Bridges et al., 2004 | Maryland watermen – whose work is fishing/harvesting crabs, oysters, etc. | Self-administered surveys | 63 | Unknown |
Buller et al., 2003 | Ski area employees in the United States and Canada | Self-administered surveys | 7,289 | Unknown |
Garbe & Buettner, 2000 | General outdoor workers – control cases from Germany, Austria, and Switzerland in a case-control dermatology study | In-clinic interviews | 498 | Not reported |
Ing et al., 2002 | Farmers in Ontario, Canada | Focus group discussions | 34 | Not reported |
Marlenga, 1995 | Male dairy farmers in Wisconsin, USA | Self-administered mail survey | 202 | 38% |
Moehrle et al., 2003 | Mountain guides in Europe | Dosimeter assessment of UV radiation exposure | 9 | Inapplicable (not a sample study) |
Parrott et al., 1996 | Farmers, construction workers, road workers, and other outdoor workers in Georgia, USA | Intercept survey, field observations, and in-depth interviews | Survey: 155 farmers Observations: 49 farmers, 41 construction workers, 39 road workers, 15 other outdoor workers In-depth interviews: 9 farmers | Not reported |
Rigel et al., 1995 | Ski instructors in Colorado USA | UV dosimeters | 10 | Not reported |
Rosenman et al., 1995 | Farmers, ≥ 40 years of age, and their spouses in Michigan, USA | Self-administered mail survey | 1,342 | 64% |
Scerri et al., 1995 | General outdoor workers in a sample of pedestrians in Malta | Intercept survey | 559 | 97% |
Schenker et al., 2002 | Farmers in California, USA | Telephone survey | 1,947 | 80% |
Shoveller et al., 2000 | General outdoor workers, Canada national sample | Telephone survey | 4,023 adults in entire sample; 546 were outdoor workers | 69% |
Stepanski & Mayer, 1998 | Construction workers, transportation workers, and mail carriers in California, USA | Field observation and self-administered survey | Observations: 140 construction workers; 102 transportation workers; 106 mail carriers Survey: 63 construction workers; 55 transportation workers; 122 mail carriers | Observations: Not reported Survey: 73% |
Woolley et al., 2002, 2004 | General outdoor workers in a sample of men with a previous diagnosis of nonmelanoma skin cancer in Queensland, Australia | Self-administered mail survey | 300 | 62% |