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Table 4 Odds Ratios for pregnancy outcomes according to infections during pregnancy in exposed occupational groups.

From: Risk of infection and adverse outcomes among pregnant working women in selected occupational groups: A study in the Danish National Birth Cohort

 

Miscarriage*

Preterm birth

Very preterm birth

Small for gestational age

Apgar <7 at 5 min

All congenital anomalies

(among live births)

All congenital anomalies

(among live singletons)

Major congenital anomalies

(among live singletons)

Multiple major congenital anomalies

 

ORc

(IC95%)

ORa¥

(IC95%)

ORc

(IC95%)

ORa¥

(IC95%)

ORc

(IC95%)

ORa¥

(IC95%)

ORc

(IC95%)

ORa¥

(IC95%)

ORc

(IC95%)

ORa¥

(IC95%)

ORc

(IC95%)

ORa¥

(IC95%)

ORc

(IC95%)

ORa¥

(IC95%)

ORc

(IC95%)

ORa

(IC95%)

ORc

(IC95%)

ORa¥

(IC95%)

Work with patients

Infection

                  

No

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

Yes

1.29(0.60-1.98)

0.35(0.01-1.00)

1.15(0.92-1.38)

1.17(0.93-1.41)

1.17(0.46-1.88)

1.03(0.40-1.66)

1.04(0.89-1.19)

1.06(0.90-1.22)

0.92(0.60-1.24)

0.99(0.64-1.46)

0.98(0.80-1.16)

1.03(0.84-1.23)

0.99(0.80-1.18)

1.04(0.84-1.24)

1.01(0.81-1.21)

1.07(0.85-1.29)

1.16(0.73-1.59)

1.29(0.80-1.78)

Work with children

Infection

                  

No

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

Yes

1.53(0.74-2.32)

1.49(0.34-2.64)

0.95(0.77-1.13)

0.92(0.73-1.11)

0.86(0.38-1.34)

0.72(0.30-1.14)

1.04(0.89-1.19)

1.00(0.84-1.16)

0.92(0.62-1.22)

0.95(0.63-1.27)

0.94(0.76-1.12)

0.95(0.76-1.14)

0.93(0.75-1.11)

0.94(0.75-1.13)

0.99(0.78-1.20)

1.00(0.78-1.22)

1.09(0.67-1.47)

1.12(0.68-1.56)

Work with food

Infection

                  

No

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

Yes

1.19(0.20-2.18)

-

0.86(0.46-1.26)

0.84(0.43-1.25)

1.05(0.07-2.03)

0.86(0.03-1.69)

1.35(0.87-1.83)

1.30(0.81-1.79)

0.79(0.18-1.40)

1.17(0.22-2.12)

1.01(0.55-1.47)

1.04(0.55-1.53)

1.06(0.57-1.55)

1.11(0.57-1.65)

1.35(0.68-2.02)

1.43(0.69-2.17)

1.27(0.39-2.15)

1.18(0.34-2.02)

Work with animals

Infection

                  

No

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

Yes

-

-

0.88(0.23-1.53)

1.50(0.31-2.69)

-

-

0.87(0.33-1.41)

1.27(0.41-2.13)

1.36(0.17-2.55)

5.76(0.96-10.12)

9.31(1.15-17.47)

2.93(1.24-4.62)

9.41(1.16-17.66)

2.80(1.23-4.37)

9.41(1.16-17.66)

2.80(1.23-4.37)

3.34(0.34-6.68)

0.24(0.01-1.00)

All exposed groups

Infection

                  

No

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

1(ref.)

Yes

1.34(0.54-2.24)

0.92(0.32-1.52)

1.03(0.89-1.17)

1.02(0.88-1.14)

0.99(0.54-1.44)

0.86(0.46-1.26)

1.05(0.95-1.15)

1.04(0.93-1.13)

0.94(0.71-1.17)

1.00(0.75-1.25)

0.99(0.86-1.12)

1.01(0.87-1.15)

0.99(0.85-1.15)

1.01(0.87-1.15)

1.04(0.89-1.17)

1.08(0.92-1.24)

1.16(0.85-1.47)

1.23(0.89-1.57)

  1. ¥Adjusted for maternal age, parity, history of miscarriage, socio-occupational status, pre-pregnancy body mass index, smoking habit, alcohol consumption (as well as for sex of child for preterm and very preterm birth and occupation in the group of "all exposed".
  2. ¶EUROCAT Classification.
  3. *In this variable the sample size is small because many of the women who lost the baby along his pregnancy did not answer the second interview.
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Environmental Health

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