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Table 2 Associations of selected allergic and respiratory outcomes at age 5 years in relation to weighted road density within a 50 m radius of home adjusted for potential confounders stratified by fish oil supplementation

From: Childhood fish oil supplementation modifies associations between traffic related air pollution and allergic sensitisation

Total IgE No fish oil supplementation Fish oil supplementation p-value for interaction
N Mean difference 95% CI p-value N Mean difference 95% CI p-value  
Total IgE (kU/L) 165 −0.023 −0.29−0.34 0.760 161 −0.18 −0.34−0.20 0.785 0.291
Questionnaire variables   RR     RR    
 Doctor diagnosed asthma 186 0.91 0.58–1.43 0.689 186 1.18 0.82–1.71 0.370 0.384
 Ever had doctor diagnosed asthma 186 0.91 0.63–1.29 0.556 186 1.10 0.84–1.44 0.746 0.423
 Wheeze in the last 12 months 186 1.18 0.81–1.72 0.387 186 1.05 0.79–1.39 0.724 0.664
 Wheeze in the last 12 months & asthma 186 1.08 0.60–1.95 0.798 186 0.90 0.59–1.38 0.641 0.770
 Cough more than 4 times in the last 12 months 186 1.14 0.81–1.59 0.459 186 1.20 0.95–1.53 0.132 0.794
 Doctor diagnosed Eczema 186 1.13 0.78–1.65 0.514 186 1.43 1.10–1.87 0.007 0.631
 Eczema in the last 12 months 185 1.46 1.01–2.11 0.043 186 1.34 0.96–1.87 0.085 0.882
 Doctor diagnosed allergic rhinitis 186 1.27 0.61–2.64 0.528 186 3.44 1.82–6.47 0.000 0.969
Skin prick tests
 Any of 11 inhalant and food allergens 181 1.34 1.00–1.80 0.054 186 0.90 0.67–1.21 0.493 0.042
 Inhalant allergen 181 1.40 1.04–1.89 0.029 186 0.91 0.67–1.23 0.544 0.027
 Ingested allergen 181 0.51 0.10–2.63 0.424 186 1.28 0.55–2.99 0.571 0.695
 House dust mite (HDM) 181 1.74 1.22–2.48 0.002 186 1.03 0.76–1.41 0.840 0.015
 Alternaria tenuis 181 0.27 0.11–0.64 0.003 186 0.96 0.51–1.82 0.906 0.567
 Grass mix 181 1.34 0.71–2.55 0.368 186 1.04 0.56–1.92 0.910 0.963
 Rye Grass 181 1.33 0.70–2.53 0.382 185 1.08 0.66–1.78 0.761 0.906
HDM-specific cytokines
 IL-5 (> 10 pg/ml) 139 1.83 1.21–2.76 0.004 139 0.65 0.38–1.11 0.117 0.003
 IL-10 (> 10 pg/ml) 131 1 0.83–1.22 0.969 133 0.98 0.83–1.16 0.817 0.981
  1. All models are adjusted for sex, father’s education, mother’s education, environmental tobacco smoke exposure, breastfed to 6 months, any dog owned by 5 or 8 years, any cat owned by 5 or 8 years, maternal smoking in pregnancy, gas cooking at home
  2. Interaction term of fish oil supplementation with weighted road density was added as a separate term into a Poisson model
  3. Mean difference, Relative Risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) represent increase in risk per unit increase in weighted road density, representing 100 m local road or 33.3 m of motorway within 50 m of the home. N = number of children
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Environmental Health

ISSN: 1476-069X