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Table 2 Associations between prehypertension and air pollutants by BMI categories (single-pollutant model) (n = 16,188)

From: Overweight modifies the association between long-term ambient air pollution and prehypertension in Chinese adults: the 33 Communities Chinese Health Study

 

Normal weight

Overweight

Pollutant*overweight

 

Pollutant

PRR (95% CI) ab

PRR (95% CI) ab

RERI (95% CI)

pinteraction value

Total

 PM10

1.01 (0.96, 1.05)

1.20 (1.13, 1.27)

2.17 (1.82, 2.52)

< 0.0001

 SO2

0.98(0.93, 1.04)

1.14 (1.07, 1.22)

1.98 (1.65, 2.31)

< 0.0001

 NO2

1.04 (0.98, 1.10)

1.14 (1.06, 1.23)

0.41 (0.13, 0.69)

0.0041

 O3

1.00 (0.92, 1.06)

1.17 (1.08, 1.27)

1.55 (1.24, 1.86)

< 0.0001

Men

 PM10

0.99 (0.93, 1.06)

1.05 (0.96, 1.13)

0.68 (0.13, 1.23)

0.0154

 SO2

0.97 (0.91, 1.04)

1.03 (0.95, 1.11)

0.56 (0.05, 1.06)

0.0297

 NO2

1.05 (0.96, 1.13)

1.07 (0.97, 1.18)

0.54 (−0.06, 1.13)

0.0753

 O3

0.97 (0.89, 1.05)

1.03 (0.93, 1.14)

0.54 (0.01, 1.08)

0.0479

Women

 PM10

1.01 (0.94, 1.08)

1.38 (1.26, 1.51)

2.85 (2.35, 3.35)

< 0.0001

 SO2

0.99 (0.91, 1.07)

1.27 (1.15, 1.41)

2.66 (2.20, 3.13)

< 0.0001

 NO2

1.02 (0.91, 1.13)

1.21 (1.07, 1.38)

0.33 (−0.03, 0.69)

0.0724

 O3

1.00 (0.90, 1.12)

1.34 (1.18, 1.52)

1.98 (1.53, 2.42)

< 0.0001

Age < 60 years old

 PM10

1.01 (0.96, 1.06)

1.19 (1.12, 1.27)

2.09 (1.72, 2.45)

< 0.0001

 SO2

0.98 (0.92, 1.04)

1.13 (1.06, 1.21)

1.89 (1.55, 2.22)

< 0.0001

 NO2

1.04 (0.98, 1.11)

1.13 (1.05, 1.23)

0.42 (0.08, 0.76)

0.0155

 O3

0.99 (0.92, 1.06)

1.16 (1.06, 1.26)

1.48 (1.16, 1.80)

< 0.0001

Age ≥ 60 years old

 PM10

0.99 (0.86, 1.15)

1.24 (1.03, 1.49)

4.23 (2.01, 6.45)

< 0.001

 SO2

0.98 (0.85, 1.14)

1.17 (0.98, 1.40)

4.68 (2.28, 7.07)

< 0.001

 NO2

1.00 (0.83, 1.20)

1.15 (0.91, 1.44)

0.36 (−0.78, 1.50)

0.5359

 O3

0.97 (0.80, 1.17)

1.25 (1.00, 1.57)

3.29 (1.33, 5.24)

< 0.001

GDP < 73,459 Yuan

 PM10

1.00 (0.95, 1.04)

1.19 (1.12, 1.27)

2.75 (2.20, 3.30)

< 0.0001

 SO2

1.00 (0.94, 1.07)

1.21 (1.12, 1.31)

4.06 (3.12, 4.99)

< 0.0001

 NO2

1.00 (0.94, 1.07)

1.25 (1.15, 1.37)

1.91 (1.47, 2.36)

< 0.0001

 O3

0.99 (0.92, 1.06)

1.25 (1.14, 1.37)

4.06 (3.12, 4.99)

< 0.0001

GDP ≥ 73,459 Yuan

 PM10

1.04 (0.90, 1.21)

1.26 (1.05, 1.52)

1.48 (0.96, 1.99)

< 0.0001

 SO2

0.93 (0.82, 1.07)

1.00 (0.86, 1.16)

1.25 (0.88, 1.63)

< 0.0001

 NO2

1.13 (0.99, 1.28)

0.88 (0.76, 1.03)

−1.19 (−1.68, − 0.70)

< 0.0001

 O3

0.89 (0.67, 1.20)

0.95 (0.70, 1.29)

−0.43 (− 0.90, 0.03)

0.0699

PD < 8733 person/km2

 PM10

1.00 (0.90, 1.11)

1.22 (1.08, 1.39)

1.24 (0.81, 1.66)

< 0.0001

 SO2

0.94 (0.86, 1.03)

1.09 (0.98, 1.21)

1.00 (0.70, 1.29)

< 0.0001

 NO2

1.07 (0.95, 1.20)

1.19 (1.03, 1.39)

0.14 (−0.33, 0.62)

0.5635

 O3

0.91 (0.80, 1.04)

1.05 (0.91, 1.22)

1.00 (0.70, 1.29)

< 0.0001

PD ≥ 8733 person/km2

 PM10

1.00 (0.95, 1.06)

1.19 (1.12, 1.28)

4.72 (3.55, 5.88)

< 0.0001

 SO2

1.02 (0.95, 1.09)

1.18 (1.09, 1.29)

4.72 (3.55, 5.88)

< 0.0001

 NO2

1.02 (0.93, 1.12)

1.11 (1.00, 1.24)

0.88 (0.35, 1.41)

0.0011

 O3

1.01 (0.93, 1.09)

1.27 (1.15, 1.41)

5.28 (3.44, 7.12)

< 0.0001

  1. aAdjusted for age, sex, race, education, income, smoking, drinking, exercise, diet, sugar intake, family history of hypertension, GDP, and PD; age, sex, GDP, and PD were excluded in stratified analyses by age, sex, GDP, and PD, respectively
  2. bPRR was scaled to the interquartile range (IQR) for each pollutant (19 μg/m3 for PM10, 20 μg/m3 for SO2, 9 μg/m3 for NO2, and 22 μg/m3 for O3)
  3. Pollutant*overweight indicates the interaction of air pollution with overweight
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Environmental Health

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