Table 1 Weighted characteristics of study population based on LnBLL quartiles
Variables* | LnBLL quartiles†, μg/dL | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Q1 (< −0.22) | Q2 (−0.22–0.18) | Q3 (0.18–0.64) | Q4 (≥ 0.64) | P value | |
N | 2584 | 2447 | 1918 | 1354 | |
Male, % | 34.08 (1.29) | 51.28 (1.57) | 66.88 (1.65) | 77.39 (1.83) | < 0.001 |
Age, years | 15.63 (0.08) | 15.52 (0.08) | 15.30 (0.08) | 15.18 (0.12) | < 0.001 |
BMI, kg/m2§ | 23.86 (0.18) | 23.50 (0.18) | 22.99 (0.19) | 22.71 (0.22) | < 0.001 |
SBP, mm Hg | 108.98 (0.44) | 109.62 (0.29) | 110.06 (0.34) | 109.92 (0.58) | 0.062 |
DBP, mm Hg | 61.57 (0.47) | 61.69 (0.40) | 60.72 (0.63) | 59.74 (0.55) | 0.029 |
Race, % | < 0.001 | ||||
Non-Hispanic White | 69.94 (1.79) | 63.49 (2.13) | 53.16 (2.3) | 42.45 (3.48) | |
Non-Hispanic Black | 10.07 (1.34) | 13.92 (1.22) | 19.41 (1.71) | 23.11 (2.63) | |
Mexican American | 9.78 (0.99) | 9.87 (1.04) | 12.60 (1.54) | 18.35 (2.31) | |
Other Hispanic | 5.26 (0.79) | 6.25 (1.04) | 6.79 (1.24) | 8.68 (1.69) | |
Other race | 4.95 (0.75) | 6.47 (0.91) | 8.04 (1.51) | 7.41 (2.29) | |
Education, % | < 0.001 | ||||
< high school | 82.09 (1.40) | 81.35 (1.54) | 85.28 (1.5) | 87.23 (1.54) | |
High school | 8.8 (0.88) | 9.53 (1.15) | 9.00 (1.33) | 5.84 (0.90) | |
> high school | 9.11 (0.99) | 9.12 (0.92) | 5.72 (0.85) | 6.93 (1.13) | |
Physical Activity, %¶ | < 0.001 | ||||
Sedentary | 10.6 (1.03) | 10.87 (1.26) | 12.31 (2.04) | 21.03 (3.02) | |
Low | 25.47 (1.84) | 23.96 (1.79) | 21.5 (2.44) | 19.15 (2.45) | |
Moderate | 20.73 (1.27) | 14.67 (1.35) | 18.85 (2.36) | 14.38 (2.26) | |
High | 43.2 (1.87) | 50.49 (1.67) | 47.33 (2.64) | 45.45 (3.42) | |
Dietary | |||||
Calcium, mg | 1034.90 (20.30) | 983.62 (18.67) | 1014.37 (27.42) | 927.54 (29.86) | 0.032 |
TMFA, gm | 30.44 (0.46) | 32.1 (0.49) | 32.67 (0.57) | 31.99 (0.83) | 0.024 |
TPFA, gm | 16.08 (0.29) | 16.29 (0.33) | 16.94 (0.34) | 16.49 (0.46) | 0.175 |
TSFA, gm | 28.41 (0.45) | 29.72 (0.46) | 30.43 (0.6) | 29.48 (0.86) | 0.058 |
Total fat, gm | 81.35 (1.22) | 84.92 (1.23) | 87.02 (1.52) | 84.88 (2.19) | 0.035 |
Protein, gm | 77.83 (1.20) | 79.85 (1.15) | 83.67 (1.68) | 82.47 (2.10) | 0.009 |
Laboratory data | |||||
Blood cadmium, ug/L | 0.27 (0.01) | 0.32 (0.01) | 0.40 (0.02) | 0.40 (0.02) | < 0.001 |
Serum cotinine, ng/mL | 11.42 (1.23) | 22.91 (2.00) | 36.13 (3.69) | 39.03 (5.15) | < 0.001 |
Hemoglobin, g/dL | 14.07 (0.05) | 14.36 (0.06) | 14.54 (0.05) | 14.58 (0.07) | < 0.001 |
FBG, mg/dL | 86.23 (0.49) | 86.1 (0.29) | 87.06 (0.43) | 87.90 (0.41) | 0.018 |
TC, mg/dL | 163.98 (0.87) | 161.76 (1.02) | 160.58 (1.39) | 159.64 (1.04) | 0.001 |
Triglycerides, mg/dL | 96.07 (2.41) | 92.13 (1.55) | 89.82 (1.88) | 90.03 (1.68) | 0.015 |
HDL-C, mg/dL | 51.09 (0.32) | 50.13 (0.36) | 49.24 (0.46) | 48.66 (0.48) | < 0.001 |
eGFR, mL/min per 1.73 m2 | 139.97 (0.73) | 145.55 (0.8) | 148.76 (0.92) | 147.83 (0.76) | < 0.001 |
SUA, mg/dL | 4.85 (0.04) | 5.16 (0.04) | 5.26 (0.04) | 5.41 (0.06) | < 0.001 |
BUN, mg/dL | 10.41 (0.13) | 10.57 (0.13) | 10.96 (0.13) | 10.86 (0.18) | 0.006 |
CRP, mg/dL | 0.20 (0.01) | 0.18 (0.01) | 0.15 (0.01) | 0.15 (0.02) | 0.001 |