Table 3 Adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for asthma outcomes (wheeze, self-reported and doctor-diagnosed asthma) by multiple logistic regression in the 5-year-old offspring for a doubling in maternal serum-PFAS concentrations (ng/ml). Results also stratified by sex

 Unadjusted model

0.99 (0.78,1.26)

1.25 (0.68,2.32)

0.80 (0.53,1.23)

 Adjusted model^a

1.01 (0.79,1.30)

1.22 (0.65,2.28)

0.83 (0.52,1.31)

 Boys^b

1.02 (0.74,1.39)

2.39 (0.92,6.21)

0.74 (0.46,1.20)

 Girls^b

1.01 (0.67,1.52)

0.67 (0.29,1.53)

1.60 (0.46,5.59)

 pⁱ-value

0.96

0.048*

0.26

  Unadjusted model

1.01 (0.83,1.23)

1.61 (0.99,2.63)

0.84 (0.58,1.22)

 Adjusted model^a

0.98 (0.78,1.23)

1.57 (0.93,2.68)

0.81 (0.53,1.22)

 Boys^b

0.94 (0.71,1.23)

2.17* (1.07,4.42)

0.72 (0.46,1.12)

 Girls^b

1.08 (0.75,1.55)

1.06 (0.49,2.30)

1.70 (0.63,4.56)

 pⁱ-value

0.52

0.17

0.11

 Unadjusted model

1.04 (0.87,1.25)

1.16 (0.74,1.84)

1.02 (0.73,1.43)

 Adjusted model^a

1.13 (0.93,1.38)

1.18 (0.73,1.90)

1.16 (0.78,1.71)

 Boys^b

1.03 (0.80,1.34)

1.33 (0.66,2.71)

0.89 (0.59,1.34)

 Girls^b

1.29 (0.94,1.77)

1.04 (0.55,1.98)

2.96* (1.26,6.96)

 pⁱ-value

0.28

0.61

0.013*

  Unadjusted model

1.04 (0.81,1.34)

1.85* (1.06,3.23)

0.70 (0.43,1.13)

 Adjusted model^a

1.03 (0.79,1.33)

1.84* (1.03,3.28)

0.68 (0.41,1.14)

 Boys^b

0.93 (0.67,1.29)

2.11 (0.97,4.58)

0.58 (0.33,1.03)

 Girls^b

1.22 (0.79,1.87)

1.50 (0.64,3.49)

1.52 (0.47,4.97)

 pⁱ-value

0.32

0.56

0.15

  Unadjusted model

1.16 (0.93,1.44)

1.37 (0.83,2.26)

0.93 (0.61,1.42)

 Adjusted model^a

1.16 (0.93,1.46)

1.44 (0.87,2.41)

0.93 (0.60,1.44)

 Boys^b

1.21 (0.92,1.60)

1.08 (0.51,2.29)

0.91 (0.57,1.45)

 Girls^b

1.08 (0.73,1.58)

1.88 (0.93,3.80)

1.11 (0.38,3.29)

 pⁱ-value

0.62

0.28

0.73