Table 3 Generalized estimating equation analysis of ≥ 2 repeated measurements of inflammatory, oxidative damage and lipid peroxidation markers over 4 years

Variables^a.

N

Mean ± SD

N

Mean ± SD

N

Mean ± SD

RL1*Time

RL2*Time

RL*Time

FeNO (ppb) 2nd

70

22.07 ± 12.94

81

18.93 ± 9.5

66

23.59 ± 14.79

0.16 (0.80)

-1.05 (0.96)

-0.55 (0.48)

FeNO (ppb) 3rd

72

19.81 ± 13.09

73

15.95 ± 8.14

69

20.33 ± 11.58

FeNO (ppb) 4th

78

13.33 ± 8.31

67

12.32 ± 8.12

65

15.88 ± 11.02

FeNO (ppb) 5th

65

16.99 ± 11.56

52

17.97 ± 10.3

55

17.1 ± 11.51

CC16(ng/ml) 1st

34

5.03 ± 1.42

50

5.77 ± 1.85

44

5.17 ± 1.54

0.26 (0.157)

0.33 (0.149) ^★

0.17 (0.074) ^★

CC16 (ng/ml) 2nd

73

5.7 ± 2.41

81

5.27 ± 2.06

67

5.14 ± 2.19

CC16 (ng/ml) 3rd

73

9.01 ± 2.76

74

9.52 ± 3.08

72

9.06 ± 3.52

CC16 (ng/ml) 4th

79

6.29 ± 2.26

68

6.39 ± 2.77

65

6.02 ± 2.71

CC16 (ng/ml) 5th

63

4.46 ± 2.61

51

4.02 ± 3.24

56

4.18 ± 2.68

NF-kB (Serum) (pg/ml) 1st

33

0.53 ± 0.22

51

0.54 ± 0.2

43

0.6 ± 0.24

0.029 (0.026)

0.016(0.028)

0.001(0.014)

NF-kB (Serum) (pg/ml) 2nd

73

1.09 ± 0.64

82

0.85 ± 0.52

67

0.85 ± 0.58

NF-kB (Serum) (pg/ml) 3rd

67

0.73 ± 0.22

71

0.79 ± 0.27

69

0.74 ± 0.24

NF-kB (Serum) (pg/ml) 4th

77

0.48 ± 0.12

66

0.5 ± 0.16

65

0.48 ± 0.14

NF-kB (Serum) (pg/ml) 5th

63

1.05 ± 0.4

52

1.12 ± 0.45

57

1.03 ± 0.42

NF-kB (EBC) (pg/ml) 1st

33

0.9 ± 0.46

52

0.88 ± 0.46

46

0.8 ± 0.42

-0.045 (0.025)

-0.047 (0.024)

-0.024 (0.012) ^★

NF-kB (EBC) (pg/ml) 2nd

75

0.71 ± 0.27

81

0.63 ± 0.2

68

0.64 ± 0.24

NF-kB (EBC) (pg/ml) 3rd

73

0.87 ± 0.33

74

1.03 ± 0.35

71

1.02 ± 0.34

NF-kB (EBC) (pg/ml) 4th

77

0.56 ± 0.17

68

0.54 ± 0.15

64

0.55 ± 0.11

NF-kB (EBC) (pg/ml) 5th

65

1.19 ± 0.44

52

1.13 ± 0.52

57

1.08 ± 0.45

Urine 8-OHdG (ng/mL) 1st

35

6.96 ± 4.09

53

7.9 ± 3.83

45

8.68 ± 4.09

-0.242 (0.200)

-0.092 (0.210)

-0.06 (0.104)

Urine 8-OHdG (ng/mL) 2nd

69

4.78 ± 3.07

77

4.43 ± 2.76

66

4.03 ± 3.07

Urine 8-OHdG (ng/mL) 3rd

71

3.48 ± 2.55

74

3.05 ± 1.89

73

3.36 ± 2.73

Urine 8-OHdG (ng/mL) 4th

78

4.96 ± 4.43

67

5.71 ± 4.3

63

6.83 ± 4.83

Urine 8-OHdG (ng/mL) 5th

66

3.85 ± 2.68

50

4.46 ± 2.72

56

4.1 ± 3.04

plasma 8-OHdG (pg/mL) 1st

19

18.63 ± 9.62

31

15.11 ± 8.83

29

18.38 ± 10.67

-0.162 (0.810)

-0.596(0.694)

-0.301(0.350)

plasma 8-OHdG (pg/mL) 2nd

73

17.26 ± 13.67

76

17.9 ± 11.99

65

20.75 ± 15.23

plasma 8-OHdG (pg/mL) 3rd

73

16.42 ± 6.7

73

16.53 ± 6.8

70

16.96 ± 6.69

plasma 8-OHdG (pg/mL) 4th

79

13.78 ± 6.04

67

14.95 ± 7.31

64

14.51 ± 6.35

plasma 8-OHdG (pg/mL) 5th

64

16.12 ± 6.86

50

15.06 ± 5.84

57

18.77 ± 7.87

EBC 8-isoPGF2 (pg/mL) 1st

34

5.56 ± 2.01

51

5.21 ± 1.65

46

5.25 ± 1.73

0.565 (0.180) ^★★

0.341 (0.170) ^★

0.179 (0.084) ^★

EBC 8-isoPGF2 (pg/mL) 2nd

72

4.15 ± 2.02

82

3.96 ± 1.61

66

4.2 ± 1.65

EBC 8-isoPGF2 (pg/mL) 3rd

72

11.36 ± 6.88

74

11.5 ± 7.55

72

12.62 ± 7.46

EBC 8-isoPGF2 (pg/mL) 4th

78

4.38 ± 2.19

67

4.58 ± 2.61

65

4.5 ± 2.35

EBC 8-isoPGF2 (pg/mL) 5th

65

2.45 ± 1.76

52

2.37 ± 1.67

57

2.52 ± 1.79

Urine N7-MedG (ug/mL) 3rd

71

2.23 ± 1.98

74

2.1 ± 1.81

73

2.22 ± 1.99

0.430 (0.408)

0.362 (0.457)

0.198 (0.225)

Urine N7-MedG (ug/mL) 4th

78

5.72 ± 3.67

67

7.13 ± 4.9

64

6.43 ± 4.01

Urine N7-MedG (ug/mL) 5th

66

5.81 ± 4.34

52

7.42 ± 4.58

56

5.41 ± 4.23