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Table 1 Characteristics of the respondents included in this study

From: Association between long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and prevalence of diabetes mellitus among Malaysian adults

Characteristics

NHMS 2006(N = 56,710)

NHMS 2011(N = 28,498)

NHMS 2015(N = 29,460)

Strata

 Urban

32,734 (57.7%)

16,372 (57.4%)

16,880 (57.3%)

 Rural

23,976 (42.3%)

12,126 (42.6%)

12,580 (42.7%)

aAge Group

 0–7

9988 (17.6%)

4426 (15.5%)

4303 (14.6%)

 8–17

12,143 (21.4%)

5841 (20.5%)

5198 (17.6%)

 18–24

5587 (9.9%)

2893 (10.2%)

2733 (9.3%)

 25–34

7333 (12.9%)

3986 (14.0%)

4272 (14.5%)

 35–44

7530 (13.3%)

3643 (12.8%)

3712 (12.6%)

 45–54

6618 (11.7%)

3482 (12.2%)

3766 (12.8%)

 55–64

4197 (7.4%)

2460 (8.6%)

3027 (10.3%)

 65+

3274 (5.8%)

1767 (6.2%)

2449 (8.3%)

Gender

 Male

26,709 (47.1%)

13,757 (48.3%)

14,225 (48.3%)

 Female

30,001 (52.9%)

14,741 (51.7%)

15,235 (51.7%)

Ethnicity

 Malays

32,493 (57.3%)

16,975 (59.6%)

18,845 (64.0%)

 Chinese

10,251 (18.1%)

4944 (17.3%)

4284 (14.5%)

 Indian

4415 (7.8%)

2122 (7.4%)

1993 (6.8%)

 Indigenous population of Malaysia

7093 (12.5%)

2933 (10.3%)

2737 (9.3%)

 Others

2458 (4.3%)

1524 (5.3%)

1601 (5.4%)

bPhysical Activities

 Active

19,246 (56.7%)

12,196 (63.7%)

13,872 (67.1%)

 Inactive

14,690 (43.3%)

6949 (36.3%)

6804 (32.9%)

  1. NHMS: National Health Morbidity SurveyEstimates are weighted to be representative of Malaysian population
  2. aindicates missing data of 40 for year 2006
  3. bindicates missing data of 22,774, 10,718 and 8784 for year 2006, 2011 and 2015 respectively