Table 3 Hazard ratios for the occurrence of an appropriate ICD discharge among 10,320 patients in the ICD database stratified by baseline characteristics
Baseline characteristic | Hazard Ratio (95%CI) | P-value (2-sided) |
|---|---|---|
Age (year) | 1.01 (1.00,1.01) | 0.0002 |
Male | 1.60 (1.41,1.81) | < 0.0001 |
Smoke status | ||
Current cigarette smoker | 1.15 (1.00,1.31) | 0.049 |
Former smoker | 1.14 (1.03,1.25) | 0.009 |
Never smoker | Referent | |
Primary heart disease | ||
Ischemic | 0.96 (0.87, 1.07) | 0.45 |
Non-Ischemic | Referent | |
Implant indication | ||
Primary prevention | 0.76 (0.68,0.85) | < 0.0001 |
Secondary prevention | 1.57 (1.39, 1.76) | < 0.0001 |
Replacement | referent | |
Atrial fibrillation | 1.17 (1.06,1.28) | 0.0011 |
Documented ventricular arrhythmia prior to ICD implant | ||
Tachycardia, fibrillation, cardiac arrest | 2.06 (1.86,2.27) | < 0.0001 |
Non-sustained tachycardia | 1.86 (1.63,2.13) | < 0.0001 |
None | Referent | |
Left ventricular ejection fraction | ||
≤ 30% | 1.00 (0.88,1.13) | 1.00 |
31–40% | 1.05 (0.90,1.21) | 0.54 |
> 40% | referent | |
Medications | ||
β-adrenoreceptor antagonist | 1.06 (0.93,1.21) | 0.37 |
ACE inhibitor or ARBa | 1.20 (1.06,1.35) | 0.0029 |
Spironolactone | 1.07 (0.97,1.19) | 0.17 |
Loop diuretics | 1.07 (0.98,1.17) | 0.14 |
Digoxin | 1.17 (1.05,1.30) | 0.0033 |
Amiodarone | 1.27 (1.15,1.42) | < 0.0001 |