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Table 3 Estimated changes in fasting blood glucose (mg/dL) and hemoglobin A1c (percentage) levels per interquartile range increment of PM10, PM2.5, and NO2 in all participants according to the presence of diabetes

From: Impacts of ambient air pollution on glucose metabolism in Korean adults: a Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey study

Pollutant

Fasting blood glucose (mg/dL)a

HbA1c (percentage points)a

β (95% CI)

p-value

β (95% CI)

p-value

Total

PM10 (μg/m3)

0.22 (−0.31–0.75)

0.419

0.05 (0.00–0.10)

0.075

PM2.5 (μg/m3)

0.31 (−0.20–0.82)

0.227

0.07 (0.02–0.11)*

0.002

NO2 (ppb)

0.85 (0.23–1.47)*

0.006

0.01 (−0.02–0.02)

0.579

No diabetes

PM10 (μg/m3)

0.00 (−0.22–0.22)

0.729

0.04 (0.02–0.06)*

p < 0.0001

PM2.5 (μg/m3)

−0.09 (− 0.30–0.12)

0.383

0.06 (0.03–0.08)*

p < 0.0001

NO2 (ppb)

0.36 (0.11–0.62)*

0.004

0.01 (−0.01–0.01)

0.618

Diabetes

PM10 (μg/m3)

3.28 (0.60–5.97)*

0.016

0.16 (−0.08–0.41)

0.194

PM2.5 (μg/m3)

2.83 (0.27–5.38)*

0.030

0.15 (−0.07–0.37)

0.186

NO2 (ppb)

3.32 (0.64–6.00)*

0.015

0.05 (−0.11–0.21)

0.529

  1. *p-value < 0.05. The level of fasting blood glucose (mg/dL) per interquartile range increment at a moving average of 0–6 days in PM10 and PM2.5 and 0–7 days in NO2. The level of HbA1c (percentage) per interquartile range increment at a moving average of 0–60 days for each pollutant. aModel 3, adjusted for sex, age, education level, physical activity, smoking, alcohol consumption, obesity, daily mean temperature, and humidity. CI, confidence interval; PM10, particulate matter < 10 μm; PM2.5, particulate matter < 2.5 μm; NO2, nitrogen dioxide; ppb, parts per billion
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Environmental Health

ISSN: 1476-069X