Table 2 Demographic characteristics of the study population and daily number of individuals who were dispensed anti-asthma medication (AMD) or utilized health services for respiratory disease before and during the Holuhraun eruption
Before eruption | During eruption | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | % | Events per day, mean (%) | Range | n | % | Events per day, mean (%) | Range | P* | |
Anti-asthma medication dispensings (AMD) | |||||||||
All | 45,473 | 100% | 129.4 (100%) | 5–715 | 11,094 | 100% | 158.4 (100%) | 22–301 | < 0.001 |
Female sex n, %) | 25,608 | 56.3% | 75.1 (41.8) | 2–430 | 6552 | 59.1% | 93.2 (45.7%) | 13–185 | < 0.001 |
Under 18 years of age | 14,144 | 31.1% | 28.3 (21.9%) | 0–139 | 2415 | 21.8% | 33.2 (20.9%) | 8–68 | < 0.001 |
18–64 years of age | 24,117 | 53.0% | 60.7 (46.9%) | 3–386 | 5623 | 59.7% | 75.2 (47.4%) | 5–149 | < 0.001 |
65 years and older | 7212 | 15.9% | 40.4 (31.2%) | 0–202 | 3056 | 27.5% | 50.1 (31.6%) | 0–105 | < 0.001 |
Primary care center MD visits (PCMD) | |||||||||
All | 106,528 | 100% | 142.2 (100%) | 17–325 | 15,806 | 100% | 144.8 (100%) | 41–259 | 0.6531 |
Female sex n, %) | 59,429 | 55.7% | 84.6 (59.5%) | 9–180 | 9547 | 60.4% | 87.9 (60.7%) | 22–165 | 0.343 |
Under 18 years of age | 31,240 | 29.3% | 39.2 (27.6%) | 3–136 | 4140 | 26.2% | 38.0 (26.3%) | 13–75 | 0.4019 |
18–64 years of age | 64,840 | 60.9% | 85.9 (60.4%) | 12–191 | 9839 | 62.2% | 89.7 (61.9%) | 24–161 | 0.2951 |
65 years and older | 10,448 | 9.8% | 17.1 (12.0%) | 0–48 | 1827 | 11.6% | 17.1 (11.8%) | 0–42 | 0.9877 |
Hospital emergency department visits (HED) | |||||||||
All | 19,541 | 100% | 18.3 (100%) | 1–45 | 1932 | 100% | 17.5 (100%) | 4–34 | 0.176 |
Female sex n, %) | 9733 | 49.8% | 9.2 (50.5%) | 0–29 | 1000 | 51.8% | 9.0 (51.6%) | 2–18 | 0.527 |
Under 18 years of age | 6811 | 34.9% | 5.7 (30.9%) | 0–24 | 638 | 33.0% | 9.0 (51.6) | 0–16 | 0.640 |
18–64 years of age | 8258 | 42.3% | 7.0 (38.2%) | 0–24 | 758 | 39.2% | 5.5 (31.6%) | 1–14 | 0.269 |
65 years and older | 4472 | 22.9% | 5.7 (31.0%) | 0–19 | 536 | 27.7% | 6.7 (38.0%) | 0–13 | 0.198 |