Meteorological factors and childhood diarrhea in Peru, 2005–2015: a time series analysis of historic associations, with implications for climate change

Table 1 Descriptive statistics, provinces of Peru, 2005–2015

	Median (IQR) among 194 provinces
Annual clinic visits for diarrhea per 100 children < 5 years old
2005	28.8 (21.3–40.0)
2015	21.7 (15.4–31.4)
Child population (< 5 years old, 2017 census)	5219 (2454-10,358)
Average daily high temperature^a, °C
January	21.2 (18.4–27.8)
July	21.2 (18.9–24.7)
Percentage of households with access to piped water^b
2005	42.8% (21.0–61.7%)
2015	69.7% (58.5–78.5%)
	*N (%)*
Piped water access group^c and geographic region	(N = 194 provinces)
Coastal provinces	49 (25.3%)
Low piped water access	10 (20.4%)
Transitional piped water access	14 (28.6%)
High piped water access	25 (51.0%)
Mountain provinces	114 (58.8%)
Low piped water access	38 (33.3%)
Transitional piped water access	48 (42.1%)
High piped water access	28 (24.6%)
Peruvian Amazon provinces	31 (16.0%)
Low piped water access	16 (51.6%)
Transitional piped water access	12 (38.7%)
High piped water access	3 (9.7%)

IQR interquartile range
^a Average of the daily high temperature for all January days, and separately all July days in the study period (2005–2015) for each province. Days during El Niño events were excluded. The data displayed are the median and IQR of these averaged values for the 194 provinces.
^b Refers to the percentage of households in each province for which the primary drinking water source was water piped inside or outside of the home, but within the building area.
^c “Low piped water access” provinces were defined as those in which < 60% of households had access to a piped water connection in all study years (2005–2015), or all but 1 year. “High piped water access” provinces were those in which ≥60% of households had access to a piped water connection in all study years, or all but 1 year. “Transitional piped water access” provinces were those that did not fall into either category, i.e., those that transitioned from lower piped water access (< 60% of households with a piped water connection) to higher piped water access (≥60% of households with a piped water connection) between 2005 and 2015.

ISSN: 1476-069X