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Table 1 Selected demographic characteristics of CHS participants (N = 70)

From: Childhood traffic-related air pollution and adverse changes in subclinical atherosclerosis measures from childhood to adulthood

 

Mean (SD) or

N (%)

Age at adult carotid ultrasound, years

21.9 (0.4)

Age at child carotid ultrasound, years

10.7 (0.4)

Change in age (time between ultrasounds), years

11.1 (0.3)

Sex

 Male

29 (41.4)

 Female

41 (58.6)

Race

 White

44 (62.8)

 More than one race

14 (20.0)

 Othera

5 (7.2)

 Unknown/not reported

7 (10.0)

Ethnicity

 Hispanic

38 (54.3)

 Non-Hispanic

30 (42.9)

 Unknown/not reported

2 (2.8)

CHS recruitment community

 Anaheim

7 (10.0)

 Glendora

17 (24.3)

 Long Beach

1 (1.4)

 Mira Loma

5 (7.1)

 Riverside

7 (10.0)

 San Dimas

10 (14.3)

 Santa Barbara

10 (14.3)

 Upland

13 (18.6)

Parental Educational Attainmentb

 High school or less

18 (25.7)

 Some college or technical school

21 (30.0)

 Completed college or more

31 (44.3)

Adult BMI (kg/m2)

24.8 (5.7)

BMI category

 Underweight (< 18.5)

3 (4.3)

 Normal (18.5 to < 25)

42 (60.0)

 Overweight (25 to < 30)

18 (25.7)

 Obese (≥30)

7 (10.0)

Smoking status at young adult follow-up

 Never smoked

45 (64.3)

 Smoked but not in past 12 months

15 (21.4)

 Smoked in past 12 months

10 (14.3)

Any family history of CV eventsc

 No

27 (38.6)

 Yes

43 (61.4)

  1. aOther includes Asian, Pacific Islander, Alaska Native and American Indian
  2. b Parental education assessed prior to first CIMT measurement in childhood
  3. cEvents include hyperlipidemia (high cholesterol), hypertension (high blood pressure), stroke, coronary artery disease, and/or any other heart disease for any biological family members