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Table 5 Stratified models by maternal and paternal race/ethnicity on difference in birth weight associated with prenatal PM2.5 exposures among the ECLS-B study population

From: Both parents matter: a national-scale analysis of parental race/ethnicity, disparities in prenatal PM2.5 exposures and related impacts on birth outcomes

Parameter

Birth Weight (grams)

Birth Weight (grams)

Birth Weight (grams)

Birth Weight (grams)

Birth Weight (grams)

Birth Weight (grams)

 

β Estimate (95% CI)

β Estimate (95% CI)

β Estimate (95% CI)

β Estimate (95% CI)

β Estimate (95% CI)

β Estimate (95% CI)

Maternal Race/Ethnicity

 

White

Black

Hispanic

AAPIa

AI/AN

 

PM2.5

  Trimester 1

-0.5 (-6.0, 5.0)

2.5 (-6.9, 12.0)

1.5 (-6.7, 9.7)

3.5 (-1.9, 8.9)

16.5 (2.00, 31.0)

 

  Trimester 2

-1.2 (-6.9, 4.6)

-1.8 (-10.6, 7.1)

1.5 (-4.33, 7.29)

-0.6 (-6.5, 5.3)

3.1 (-12.1,18.2)

 

  Trimester 3

-2.7 (-7.4, 1.9)

-0.9 (-8.3, 6.4)

2.5 (-2.6, 7.7)

-5.6 (-10.3, -1.)

-1.6 (-17.9,14.7)

 

  Whole Pregnancy

-2.9 (-8.6, 2.7)

-2.7 (-11.5, 6.1)

2.9 (-2.4, 8.2)

-4.0 (-9.1, 1.2)

0.2 (-18.9, 19.3)

 

Paternal Race/Ethnicity

 

White

Black

Hispanic

AAPIa

AI/AN

Not Stated

PM2.5

  Trimester 1

-1.4 (-7.3,4.5)

5.3 (-6.8, 17. 5)

1.5 (-6.8, 9.8)

1.5 (-5.0, 7.9)

4.2 (-4.0, 12.5)

1.0 (-13.7, 15.7)

  Trimester 2

-0.5 (-6.7, 5.7)

-0.2 (-11.7, 11.3)

1.2 (-5.3, 7.7)

2.6 (-3.6, 8.9)

8.6 (-2.8, 20.0)

-13.9 (-24.3, -3.5)

  Trimester 3

-2.9 (-7.9, 2.1)

5.0 (-3.9, 14.0)

3.0 (-2.1, 8.1)

-7.6 (-13.1, -2.1)

5.6 (-6.5, 17.7)

-11.2 (-19.6, -2.9)

  Whole Pregnancy

-2.6 (-8.6, 3.5)

4.0 (-6.5, 14.6)

2.6 (-2.8, 8.0)

-5.8 (-12.1, 0.4)

6.9 (-8.2, 22.0)

-14.2 (-24.0, -4.4)

Maternal Race/Ethnicityb

 

White

Black

Hispanic

AAPIa

AI/AN

 

PM2.5

  Trimester 1

-0.6 (-6.0, 4.8)

2.0 (-7.2, 11.4)

1.8 (-6.6, 10.1)

3.6 (-1.6, 8.8)

16.8 (3.5, 30.1)

 

  Trimester 2

-1.1 (-6.8, 4.7)

-1.9 (-10.7, 6.9)

1.7 (-4.2, 7.6)

-0.2 (-5.8, 5.5)

3.2 (-12.4, 18.8)

 

  Trimester 3

-2.8 (-7.5, 1.8)

-1.3 (-8.7, 6.1)

2.5 (-2.6, 7.7)

-5.2 (-9.8, -0.7)

-0.3 (-17.1, 16.6)

 

  Whole Pregnancy

-3.0 (-8.7, 2.6)

-3.2 (-12.1, 5.7)

3.0 (-2.3, 8.2)

-3.3 (-8.4,1.8)

1.7 (-17.8, 21.2)

 
  1. All analyses conducted with sample weights. Models adjusted for covariates that were statistically significant < 0.05 in the non-pollutant models from Table 3: gender, parity, adequacy of prenatal care, gestation, maternal age, smoking and poverty
  2. aAsian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI), includes Chinese, Japanese, Hawaiian, Filipino, Asian Indian, Korean, Samoan, Vietnamese, Guamanian and other Asian or Pacific Islander
  3. bAlso adjusted for paternal race/ethnicity
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Environmental Health

ISSN: 1476-069X