Table 1 Sociodemographic characteristics of study population at baseline (N = 5253)
Variables | Overall | n(%)/mean ± SD |
|---|---|---|
Age | 93.7 ± 7.16 | |
Gender | ||
Female | 3201 (60.9) | |
Male | 2052 (39.1) | |
Education attainment | ||
Uneducated | 3763 (71.6) | |
Educated | 1490 (28.4) | |
Pension | ||
No | 4525 (86.1) | |
Yes | 728 (13.9) | |
Residence | ||
Rural/Town | 4251 (80.9) | |
Urban | 1002 (19.1) | |
Living arrangement | ||
Nursing home/alone | 871 (16.6) | |
Living with family member (s) | 4382 (83.4) | |
Region | ||
Northern China | 1236 (23.5) | |
Southern China | 4017 (76.5) | |
Marital status | ||
Single/divorced/separated | 57 (1.1) | |
Widow | 4294 (81.7) | |
Married/living together | 902 (17.2) | |
Smoking status at present | ||
No | 4517 (86.0) | |
Yes | 736 (14.0) | |
Drinking status at present | ||
No | 4409 (83.9) | |
Yes | 844 (16.1) | |
Ongoing exercising habit | ||
No | 4089 (77.8) | |
Yes | 1164 (22.2) | |
Self-reported diabetes | ||
No | 5184 (98.7) | |
Yes | 69 (1.3) | |
BMI | ||
< 18.5 | 2236 (42.6) | |
18.5–23.9 | 2608 (49.6) | |
> 23.9 | 409 (7.8) | |
Leisure activity | ||
Personal outdoor activities | ||
Never/sometimes | 2775 (52.8) | |
At least once a month and more | 2478 (47.2) | |
Gardening | ||
Never/sometimes | 4918 (93.6) | |
At least once a month and more | 335 (6.4) | |