Table 1 Baseline characteristics of participants
Characteristic | Total | Physical activity | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Low (<600 MET-min/wk) | Moderate (600-3000 MET-min/wk) | High (>3000 MET-min/wk) | ||
N | 359153 (100.0) | 66735 (18.6) | 180915 (50.4) | 111503 (31.0) |
Age, year | 56.25 (8.12) | 55.79 (7.92) | 56.18 (8.13) | 56.64 (8.21) |
Female | 189547 (52.8) | 35324 (52.9) | 98152 (54.3) | 56071 (50.3) |
Race | ||||
 White | 331157 (92.2) | 60720 (91.0) | 166703 (92.1) | 103734 (93.0) |
 Asian | 15919 (4.4) | 3420 (5.1) | 8058 (4.5) | 4441 (4.0) |
 Black | 5676 (1.6) | 1240 (1.9) | 2876 (1.6) | 1560 (1.4) |
 Chinese | 1117 (0.3) | 252 (0.4) | 573 (0.3) | 292 (0.3) |
 Mixed | 2185 (0.6) | 410 (0.6) | 1114 (0.6) | 661 (0.6) |
 Other ethnic group | 3099 (0.9) | 693 (1.0) | 1591 (0.9) | 815 (0.7) |
Education | ||||
 Degree | 124151 (34.6) | 23095 (34.6) | 69749 (38.6) | 31307 (28.1) |
 No degree | 235002 (65.4) | 43640 (65.4) | 111166 (61.4) | 80196 (71.9) |
Household income, £a | ||||
 <18,000 | 77131 (21.5) | 14564 (21.8) | 35734 (19.8) | 26833 (24.1) |
 18,000 to 30,999 | 90720 (25.3) | 15414 (23.1) | 43778 (24.2) | 31528 (28.3) |
 31,000 to 51,999 | 94909 (26.4) | 17569 (26.3) | 48150 (26.6) | 29190 (26.2) |
 52,000 to 100,000 | 75748 (21.1) | 15311 (22.9) | 41228 (22.8) | 19209 (17.2) |
 >100,000 | 20645 (5.7) | 3877 (5.8) | 12025 (6.6) | 4743 (4.3) |
 BMI, mean (SD), kg/m2 | 27.22 (4.63) | 28.42 (5.32) | 27.07 (4.50) | 26.75 (4.25) |
Smoking status | ||||
 Never | 197655 (55.0) | 36160 (54.2) | 101528 (56.1) | 59967 (53.8) |
 Former | 125343 (34.9) | 22497 (33.7) | 62993 (34.8) | 39853 (35.7) |
 Current | 36155 (10.1) | 8078 (12.1) | 16394 (9.1) | 11683 (10.5) |
Alcohol consumption | ||||
 Never | 14176 (3.9) | 3331 (5.0) | 6648 (3.7) | 4197 (3.8) |
 Former | 11908 (3.3) | 2628 (3.9) | 5399 (3.0) | 3881 (3.5) |
 Current | 333069 (92.7) | 60776 (91.1) | 168868 (93.3) | 103425 (92.8) |
Vegetable intake, servings per day | ||||
 <2.0 | 119320 (33.2) | 28566 (42.8) | 60248 (33.3) | 30506 (27.4) |
 ≥2.0 | 239833 (66.8) | 38169 (57.2) | 120667 (66.7) | 80997 (72.6) |
Fruit intake, servings per day | ||||
 <2.0 | 126613 (35.3) | 29395 (44.0) | 62258 (34.4) | 34960 (31.4) |
 ≥2.0 | 232540 (64.7) | 37340 (56.0) | 118657 (65.6) | 76543 (68.6) |
Hypertension | 87695 (24.4) | 18170 (27.2) | 43761 (24.2) | 25764 (23.1) |
Cancer | 27211 (7.6) | 27211 (7.6) | 5226 (7.8) | 13675 (7.6) |
CVD | 17953 (5.0) | 4062 (6.1) | 8460 (4.7) | 5431 (4.9) |
Depression | 27744 (7.7) | 6643 (10.0) | 13334 (7.4) | 7767 (7.0) |
Family history of diabetes | 61460 (17.1) | 12220 (18.3) | 30612 (16.9) | 18628 (16.7) |
PM2.5, µg/m3, mean (SD) | 9.97 (1.06) | 10.00 (1.04) | 9.97 (1.06) | 9.96 (1.06) |
PMcoarse, µg/m3, mean (SD) | 6.42 (0.90) | 6.43 (0.90) | 6.42 (0.89) | 6.42 (0.90) |
PM10, µg/m3, mean (SD) | 19.29 (1.96) | 19.31 (1.90) | 19.33 (1.98) | 19.22 (1.96) |
NO2, µg/m3, mean (SD) | 29.14 (9.30) | 29.21 (8.99) | 29.32 (9.49) | 28.80 (9.15) |