| Total |  | Type of twin |  |  |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | n/N |  | MZMC n = 106 (31.9%) | MZDC n = 108 (32.5%) | DZ n = 118 (35.5%) |
Characteristics of the twin population | 332 | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Sex (female), n (%) | 332/332 | 173 (52.1%) | 50 (47.2%) | 64 (59.3%) | 59 (50%) |
 Birthweight (g), mean + SD | 332/332 | 2545 + 505 | 2507 + 429 | 2536 + 598 | 2589 + 476 |
Characteristics of the twin population at adulthood | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Age (years), median (p25-p75) | 332/332 | 20.7 (19.4–22.0) | 20.9 (19.4–22.0) | 20.5 (19.3–22.5) | 20.7 (19.7–22.2) |
 BMI (kg/m2), median (p25-p75) | 332/332 | 20.7 (19.3–22.7) | 20.8 (19.3–22.3) | 20.5 (19.1–22.6) | 20.7 (19.4–22.9) |
  Underweight (BMI < 18.5) |  | 45 (13.6%) | 17 (16.0%) | 16 (14.8%) | 12 (10.2%) |
  Normal (BMI 18.5–24.9) |  | 256 (77.1%) | 84 (79.2%) | 81 (75%) | 91 (77.1%) |
  Overweight (BMI 25–29.9) |  | 31 (9.3%) | 5 (4.7%) | 11 (10.2%) | 15 (12.7%) |
  Obese (BMI > 30.0) |  | 2 (0.6%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (1.7%) |
 Leptin (ng/ml), median (p25-p75) | 319/332 | 4.7 (1.1–11.0) | 4.4 (1.0–9.5) | 5.4 (1.6–12.0) | 4.4 (0.9–11.9) |
 Waist-to-hip ratio (%), median (p25-p75) | 330/332 | 76.0 (71.7–80.1) | 76.9 (71.7–80.4) | 75.7 (71.3–79.2) | 75.7 (72.3–80.1) |
 Waist circumference (cm), median (p25-p75) | 331/332 | 70.5 (66.4–75.3) | 71.5 (66.4–75.2) | 69.3 (66.1–75.2) | 70.8 (67.0–75.3) |
 Skinfold thickness (mm), median (p25-p75) | 331/332 | 38.0 (27.6–51.8) | 35.0 (27.8–49.9) | 41.6 (28.4–55.0) | 37.6 (27.3–52.3) |
 Body fat (%), median (p25-p75) | 330/332 | 22.5 (14.9–27.4) | 22.4 (14.8–26.1) | 23.3 (15.9–27.7) | 21.7 (14.6–28.4) |
 Physical activity score, median (p25-p75) | 332/332 | 4.9 (3.0–6.6) | 5.0 (3.0–7.0) | 4.3 (2.9–6.4) | 5.0 (3.1–6.9) |
 Smoking status, n (%) | 332/332 |  |  |  |  |
  Nonsmoker |  | 201 (60.5%) | 66 (62.3%) | 36 (33.3%) | 69 (58.5%) |
  Former smoker |  | 21 (6.3%) | 5 (4.7%) | 6 (5.6%) | 10 (8.5%) |
 Current smoker |  | 110 (33.1%) | 35 (33.0%) | 36 (61.1%) | 39 (33.1%) |
Environmental exposures during adulthood | Â | Â | |||
 Distance from residence to nearest road (m), median (p25-p75) | 321/332 | 345 (139–770) | 385 (134.8–884.7) | 344.5 (135.8–722.4) | 340.4 (144.3–770.3) |
 Distance from residence to nearest highway (m), median (p25-p75) | 321/332 | 3964 (1866–7874) | 2987 (1916–7344)* | 6288 (2500–10,566)* | 2839 (1556–5399)* |
 Green spaces within a 5000 m buffer from the home address (%), median (p25-p75) | 321/332 | 4.2 (2.9–6.4) | 4.2 (2.8–6.5) | 4.9 (3.1–7.2) | 3.9 (3.0–5.5) |