From: Determinants of maternal and neonatal PFAS concentrations: a review
Education | ||||||
PFAS (study design) a | N | Positive findings | N | Negative findings | N | Null findings |
Legacy PFAS | ||||||
 PFOA (C/L) | – | – | 1 | [78] | 4 | |
 PFOA (C-S) | 2 | – | – | 10 | ||
 PFOS (C/L) | 1 | [82] | 2 | 2 | ||
 PFOS (C-S) | 2 | 3 | 6 | |||
 PFNA (C/L) | 2 | – | – | 2 | ||
 PFNA (C-S) | 4 | – | – | 5 | ||
 PFHxS (C/L) | 2 | 1 | [78] | 2 | ||
 PFHxS (C-S) | 2 | 1 | [93] | 6 | ||
Other PFAS | ||||||
 Et-PFOSA-AcOH (C/L) | – | – | – | – | 1 | [78] |
 Me-PFOSA-AcOH (C/L) | – | – | – | – |  | |
 NMeFOSAA (C-S) | – | – | – | – | 1 | [74] |
 PFBS (C-S) | – | – | – | – | 1 | [86] |
 PFDeA (C/L) | 1 | [82] | – | – | – | – |
 PFDeA (C-S) | 2 | 1 | [93] | 2 | ||
 PFDoA (C/L) | 1 | [82] | – | – | – | – |
 PFDoA (C-S) | – | – | – | – | 2 | |
 PFHpA (C-S) | – | – | – | – | 1 | [86] |
 PFHpS (C-S) | – | – | – | – | 1 | [93] |
 PFOSA (C-S) | – | – | – | – | 1 | [86] |
 PFPeA (C-S) | – | – | – | – | 2 | |
 PFTrDA (C/L) | 1 | [82] | – | – | – | – |
 PFTrDA (C-S) | 1 | [87] | – | – | – | – |
 PFUnDA (C/L) | 1 | [82] | – | – | – | – |
 PFUnDA (C-S) | 2 | 1 | [93] | 4 | ||
 ΣPFAS (C-S) | – | – | – | – | 2 | |
Household income | ||||||
PFAS (study design) | N | Positive findings | N | Negative findings | N | Null findings |
Legacy PFAS | ||||||
 PFOA (C/L) | 5 | 1 | [78] | – | – | |
 PFOA (C-S) | 2 | – | – | 5 | ||
 PFOS (C/L) | 6 | – | – | – | – | |
 PFOS (C-S) | – | – | – | – | 7 | |
 PFNA (C/L) | 4 | – | – | – | – | |
 PFNA (C-S) | – | – | 1 | [87] | 5 | |
 PFHxS (C/L) | 4 | – | – | 2 | ||
 PFHxS (C-S) | – | – | – | – | 5 | |
Other PFAS | ||||||
 Et-PFOSA-AcOH (C/L) | – | – | – | – | 1 | [78] |
 Me-PFOSA-AcOH (C/L) | – | – | – | – | 2 | |
 NMeFOSAA (C-S) | – | – | – | – | 1 | [74] |
 PFBS (C-S) | – | – | – | – | 1 | [86] |
 PFDeA (C/L) | 1 | [82] | – | – | – | – |
 PFDeA (C-S) |  |  | 1 | [87] | 2 | |
 PFDoA (C/L) | – | – | – | – | 1 | [82] |
 PFDoA (C-S) | – | – | – | – | 2 | |
 PFHpA (C-S) | – | – | – | – | 1 | [86] |
 PFOSA (C-S) | – | – | – | – | 1 | [86] |
 PFPeA (C-S) | – | – | – | – | 1 | [74] |
 PFTrDA (C/L) | – | – | – | – | 1 | [82] |
 PFTrDA (C-S) | – | – | – | – | 1 | [87] |
 PFUnDA (C/L) | – | – | – | – | 1 | [82] |
 PFUnDA (C-S) | – | – | – | – | 5 | |
 ΣPFAS (C-S) | – | – | 1 | [87] | – | – |