Table 1 Percentage changes for all-causes and cause-specific mortality associated with 10 μg/m³ air pollutants increase

All-causes

304,754 (100)

0.6 (0.2,1.0)^a

0.4 (0.1,0.8)^a

0.5 (-0.2,1.1)

1.0 (0.3,1.7)^a

7.1 (-0.1,14.8)

Cardiovascular

90,480 (29.7)

0.5 (-0.3,1.4)

0.3 (-0.5,1.1)

0.4 (-0.4,1.3)

1.2 (-0.4,2.8)

8.0 (-6.0,24.1)

IHD

25,868 (8.5)

0.4 (-0.9,1.8)

0.2 (-1.0,1.3)

1.6 (0.5,2.8)^a

-0.1 (-2.6,2.6)

0.4 (-17.4,22.0)

Cerebrovascular

21,522 (7.1)

-0.1 (-1.5,1.4)

0.0 (-1.3,1.3)

-0.2 (-1.9,1.7)

1.6 (-0.2,3.3)

5.4 (-11.4,25.4)

Respiratory

34,162 (11.2)

0.6 (-0.5,1.7)

0.3 (-0.6,1.4)

0.4 (-1.1,1.9)

0.7 (-0.7,2.0)

10.5 (-3.4,26.5)

COPD

13,794 (4.5)

0.4 (-1.4,2.2)

0.3 (-1.2,1.9)

1.7 (-0.7,4.1)

-0.6 (-2.7,1.5)

7.9 (-12.9,33.6)

Other natural

180,112 (59.1)

0.8 (0.2,1.3)^a

0.5 (0.1,1.0)^a

0.6 (-0.1,1.2)

0.9 (0.3,1.5)^a

5.5 (-0.7,12.1)