Associations of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and their mixture with risk of rheumatoid arthritis in the U.S. adult population

Table 2 Distribution of serum per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) among participants, NHANES 2003–2018 (N = 10,496)

PFAS (ng/mL)	Detection frequency (%)	LOD	GM	Mean	Percentile
PFAS (ng/mL)	Detection frequency (%)	LOD	GM	Mean	5th	25th	50th	75th	95th
PFOA	99.50	0.1	2.62	3.47	0.67	1.57	2.63	4.30	8.00
PFOS	99.63	0.2	8.90	13.75	1.70	4.90	9.70	18.00	40.40
PFHxS	98.44	0.1	1.50	2.27	0.30	0.82	1.50	2.60	6.30
PFDA	74.91	0.2	0.24	0.34	0.07	0.14	0.20	0.40	1.00
PFNA	98.42	0.1	0.85	1.15	0.20	0.57	0.90	1.40	2.95
PFUnDA	46.70	0.2	0.16	0.23	0.07	0.07	0.14	0.20	0.70
Me-PFOSA-AcOH	57.01	0.2	0.20	0.33	0.06	0.07	0.20	0.37	1.06

Abbreviations GM, geometric mean; PFOA, perfluorooctanoic acid; PFOS, perfluorooctane sulfonate; PFHxS, perfluorohexane sulfonic acid; PFDA, perfluorodecanoic acid; PFNA, perfluorononanoic acid; PFUnDA, perfluoroundecanoic acid; Me-PFOSA-AcOH, methyl perfluorooctane sulfonamidoacetic acid

ISSN: 1476-069X