Table 3 Hazard and odds ratios (per one Interquartile range for whole population) between exposures and Non-Alzheimer’s dementia, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease and Multiple sclerosis

 Highway < 50 m

1.03 (0.91, 1.16)

1.12 (0.91, 1.38)

1.19 (0.74, 1.91)

1.20 (0.69, 2.09)

 Highway < 50 m + Greenness

1.02 (0.87, 1.20)

1.12 (0.85, 1.46)

0.85 (0.42, 1.74)

1.09 (0.52, 2.29)

 Highway < 150 m

1.10 (1.02, 1.19)

1.06 (0.93, 1.22)

1.03 (0.75, 1.41)

0.97 (0.68, 1.39)

 Highway < 150 m + Greenness

1.06 (0.96, 1.17)

1.02 (0.86, 1.21)

0.81 (0.53, 1.24)

1.05 (0.66, 1.67)

 Major road < 50 m

1.15 (1.08, 1.23)

1.09 (0.96, 1.23)

1.26 (0.96, 1.64)

1.45 (1.06, 1.97)

 Major road < 50 m + Greenness

1.15 (1.07, 1.24)

1.02 (0.89, 1.18)

1.12 (0.81, 1.54)

1.75 (1.19, 2.54)

 Major road < 50 m or Highway < 150 m

1.14 (1.07, 1.20)

1.07 (0.96, 1.18)

1.19 (0.95, 1.49)

1.25 (0.96, 1.63)

 Major road < 50 m or Highway < 150 m + Greenness

1.12 (1.05, 1.20)

0.99 (0.88, 1.13)

1.02 (0.77, 1.36)

1.50 (1.08, 2.08)

 PM_2.5 (μg/m³)

1.02 (0.98, 1.05)

[1.54]

1.09 (1.02, 1.16)

[1.65]

0.90 (0.76, 1.07)

[1.54]

1.25 (0.93, 1.70)

[1.72]

 PM_2.5 (μg/m³) + Noise

1.02 (0.98, 1.05)

1.08 (1.01, 1.15)

0.91 (0.76, 1.09)

1.40 (0.98, 1.97)

 PM_2.5 (μg/m³) + Greenness

1.02 (0.98, 1.05)

1.08 (1.01, 1.15)

0.95 (0.80, 1.13)

1.43 (1.04, 1.97)

 Black carbon (μg/m³)

1.01 (0.98, 1.04)

[1.06]

1.03 (0.97, 1.08)

[1.02]

1.02 (0.88, 1.18)

[1.09]

0.93 (0.75, 1.15)

[0.90]

 Black carbon (μg/m³) + Noise

1.01 (0.98, 1.04)

1.02 (0.96, 1.09)

0.91 (0.76, 1.08)

0.95 (0.74, 1.23)

 Black carbon (μg/m³) + Greenness

1.01 (0.98, 1.04)

1.01 (0.96, 1.07)

1.05 (0.90, 1.22)

0.97 (0.78, 1.21)

 NO₂ (ppb)

1.02 (0.99, 1.06)

[9.06]

1.12 (1.05, 1.20)

[9.03]

0.84 (0.70, 0.99)

[8.96]

1.02 (0.78, 1.44)

[8.70]

 NO₂ (ppb) + Noise

1.01 (0.97, 1.06)

1.09 (1.01, 1.18)

0.77 (0.63, 0.95)

1.06 (0.69, 1.62)

 NO₂ (ppb) + Greenness

1.02 (0.99, 1.06)

1.10 (1.03, 1.19)

0.87 (0.72, 0.15)

1.16 (0.80, 1.68)

 NO (ppb)

1.00 (0.96, 1.04)

[13.47]

1.03 (0.96, 1.11)

[13.59]

0.91 (0.77, 1.11)

[13.68]

0.85 (0.62, 1.16)

[13.41]

 NO (ppb) + Noise

0.99 (0.95, 1.04)

1.01 (0.93, 1.11)

0.84 (0.67, 1.05)

0.88 (0.59, 1.29)

 NO (ppb) + Greenness

0.99 (0.95, 1.04)

0.99 (0.92, 1.08)

0.98 (0.80, 1.20)

0.93 (0.66, 1.29)

Noise (L_den dB(A))

1.01 (0.99, 1.04)

[5.53]

1.01 (0.97, 1.05)

[5.54]

0.99 (0.92, 1.08)

[5.75]

0.92 (0.82, 1.03)

[5.50]

Greenness (NDVI)

0.95 (0.92, 0.97)

[0.11]

0.97 (0.93, 1.01)

[0.11]

1.24 (1.13, 1.35)

[0.12]

1.14 (1.00, 1.30)

[0.12]