Exposures | Non-Alzheimer’s dementia* | Parkinson’s disease* | Alzheimer’s disease** | Multiple sclerosis** |
---|---|---|---|---|
Hazard ratio (95% CI) per Interquartile Range [IQR] | Hazard ratio (95% CI) per Interquartile Range [IQR] | Odds ratio (95% CI) per Interquartile Range [IQR] | Odds ratio (95% CI) per Interquartile Range [IQR] | |
Road proximity | ||||
 Highway < 50 m | 1.03 (0.91, 1.16) | 1.12 (0.91, 1.38) | 1.19 (0.74, 1.91) | 1.20 (0.69, 2.09) |
 Highway < 50 m + Greenness | 1.02 (0.87, 1.20) | 1.12 (0.85, 1.46) | 0.85 (0.42, 1.74) | 1.09 (0.52, 2.29) |
 Highway < 150 m | 1.10 (1.02, 1.19) | 1.06 (0.93, 1.22) | 1.03 (0.75, 1.41) | 0.97 (0.68, 1.39) |
 Highway < 150 m + Greenness | 1.06 (0.96, 1.17) | 1.02 (0.86, 1.21) | 0.81 (0.53, 1.24) | 1.05 (0.66, 1.67) |
 Major road < 50 m | 1.15 (1.08, 1.23) | 1.09 (0.96, 1.23) | 1.26 (0.96, 1.64) | 1.45 (1.06, 1.97) |
 Major road < 50 m + Greenness | 1.15 (1.07, 1.24) | 1.02 (0.89, 1.18) | 1.12 (0.81, 1.54) | 1.75 (1.19, 2.54) |
 Major road < 50 m or Highway < 150 m | 1.14 (1.07, 1.20) | 1.07 (0.96, 1.18) | 1.19 (0.95, 1.49) | 1.25 (0.96, 1.63) |
 Major road < 50 m or Highway < 150 m + Greenness | 1.12 (1.05, 1.20) | 0.99 (0.88, 1.13) | 1.02 (0.77, 1.36) | 1.50 (1.08, 2.08) |
Air pollution | ||||
 PM2.5 (μg/m3) | 1.02 (0.98, 1.05) [1.54] | 1.09 (1.02, 1.16) [1.65] | 0.90 (0.76, 1.07) [1.54] | 1.25 (0.93, 1.70) [1.72] |
 PM2.5 (μg/m3) + Noise | 1.02 (0.98, 1.05) | 1.08 (1.01, 1.15) | 0.91 (0.76, 1.09) | 1.40 (0.98, 1.97) |
 PM2.5 (μg/m3) + Greenness | 1.02 (0.98, 1.05) | 1.08 (1.01, 1.15) | 0.95 (0.80, 1.13) | 1.43 (1.04, 1.97) |
 Black carbon (μg/m3) | 1.01 (0.98, 1.04) [1.06] | 1.03 (0.97, 1.08) [1.02] | 1.02 (0.88, 1.18) [1.09] | 0.93 (0.75, 1.15) [0.90] |
 Black carbon (μg/m3) + Noise | 1.01 (0.98, 1.04) | 1.02 (0.96, 1.09) | 0.91 (0.76, 1.08) | 0.95 (0.74, 1.23) |
 Black carbon (μg/m3) + Greenness | 1.01 (0.98, 1.04) | 1.01 (0.96, 1.07) | 1.05 (0.90, 1.22) | 0.97 (0.78, 1.21) |
 NO2 (ppb) | 1.02 (0.99, 1.06) [9.06] | 1.12 (1.05, 1.20) [9.03] | 0.84 (0.70, 0.99) [8.96] | 1.02 (0.78, 1.44) [8.70] |
 NO2 (ppb) + Noise | 1.01 (0.97, 1.06) | 1.09 (1.01, 1.18) | 0.77 (0.63, 0.95) | 1.06 (0.69, 1.62) |
 NO2 (ppb) + Greenness | 1.02 (0.99, 1.06) | 1.10 (1.03, 1.19) | 0.87 (0.72, 0.15) | 1.16 (0.80, 1.68) |
 NO (ppb) | 1.00 (0.96, 1.04) [13.47] | 1.03 (0.96, 1.11) [13.59] | 0.91 (0.77, 1.11) [13.68] | 0.85 (0.62, 1.16) [13.41] |
 NO (ppb) + Noise | 0.99 (0.95, 1.04) | 1.01 (0.93, 1.11) | 0.84 (0.67, 1.05) | 0.88 (0.59, 1.29) |
 NO (ppb) + Greenness | 0.99 (0.95, 1.04) | 0.99 (0.92, 1.08) | 0.98 (0.80, 1.20) | 0.93 (0.66, 1.29) |
Noise (Lden dB(A)) | 1.01 (0.99, 1.04) [5.53] | 1.01 (0.97, 1.05) [5.54] | 0.99 (0.92, 1.08) [5.75] | 0.92 (0.82, 1.03) [5.50] |
Greenness (NDVI) | 0.95 (0.92, 0.97) [0.11] | 0.97 (0.93, 1.01) [0.11] | 1.24 (1.13, 1.35) [0.12] | 1.14 (1.00, 1.30) [0.12] |